Influence of Breed and Haemoglobin Variability on Linear Body Measurements and Haematological Traits in Three Strains of Local Chickens in Nigeria

Abstract

This study investigated the influence of breed and haemoglobin variability on linear body measurements and haematological traits in three strains of local chickens in Nigeria. A total of 150 chickens, comprising 50 birds from each strain, were sourced from local poultry breeders and reared under uniform management conditions, ensuring access to feed and water ad libitum. Haemoglobin (Hb) variability was determined using standard laboratory procedures. Linear body measurements, including body weight (BW), body length (BL), wing span (WS), shank length (SHL), and drumstick length (DS), were recorded using a graduated tape and weighing scale. Data obtained was subjected to one-way analysis of variance while significant means were seperation using duncan multiple range test using the procedure of SPSS version 27. The results revealed significant variations in body measurements among the three breeds. Naked neck (NN) chickens exhibited the highest body weight (1.20 kg), whereas Frizzled Feathered (FF) chickens had the lowest (0.80 kg). Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in shank length and chest circumference across breeds. Haematological parameters varied significantly, with normal feathered (NA) chickens having the highest packed cell volume (PCV) of 35.18% compared to NN (16.58%) and FF (28.30%). Hb genotypes also influenced haematological traits, with BB genotypes showing higher PCV (30.64%) and white blood cell counts (11.57) than AA and AB genotypes. The study highlights the impact of genetic variability on morphological and physiological traits, suggesting that haemoglobin polymorphism may serve as an indicator of breed adaptability and productivity in local chickens. Further research is recommended to explore the genetic basis of these variations for improved breeding strategies in indigenous poultry production.